Easiest way – Naming organic compounds involving iso,sec,neo,tert groups.


The prefix “n-“

The prefix “n-” (or normal) is used when all carbons form a continuous, unbranched (linear) chain. If a functional group (such as an alcohol) is present that functional group is on the end of the chain. Not to be confused with ‘nor’, which indicates a missing methyl group

Common name: n-pentane
IUPAC name: pentane

The prefix “iso

The prefix “iso” is used when all carbons except one form a continuous chain. This one carbon is part of an isopropyl group at the end of the chain.

Common name: isopentane
IUPAC name: 2-methylbutane

The prefix “neo

The prefix “neo” is used when all but two carbons form a continuous chain, and these two carbons are part of a terminal tert-butyl group

Common name: neopentane
IUPAC name: 2,2-dimethylpropane

The prefix “sec

The prefix “sec” or “s” is used when the functional group is bonded to a secondary carbon. This prefix is only useful for a four-carbon chain. It is not applicable with a shorter chain, and it is often ambiguous when the chain has five or more carbons.

Common name: sec-butanol (s-butanol)
IUPAC name: 2-butanol

The prefix “tert

The prefix “tert” or “t” is used when the functional group is bonded to a tertiary carbon.

Common name: tert-butanol (t-butanol)
IUPAC name: 2-methyl-2-propanol

Credit : Sanjay (Pre-med aspirant)

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1 thought on “Easiest way – Naming organic compounds involving iso,sec,neo,tert groups.”

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